Ecoscape - Eco-industry - Eco-culture
The Fifth International Eco-city Conference
Shenzhen, China, August 19th to 23rd, 2002
Dear Participants in the 2002 Fifth International Ecocity Conference, Shenzhen, China
We hope all of you have already arrived home with a pleasure trip. On behalf of the Organizing Committee of the Fifth International Ecocity Conference, we would like to extend our sincere thanks to all of you, for your contribution to and participation in the Congress! It was so nice to have interactions with you during the Congress.
As you well know, 6 symposiums, four workshops, three dialogues and poster sessions, and a field trip have been organized. There were about 400 Delegates from more than 23 countries and 19 domestic provinces covering some main developing countries and all continents. In addition, nearly 100 officers and 80 chief managers of industrial companies have attended separately our dialogues. During the conference, we invited 21 plenary speakers from all over the world, for scientific sessions in the morning and public lectures in the evening, all of whom highlighted the success of the academic programs, in particular. At this moment, we heard that various social and tour programs were finalized without any problem. In fact, although we tried our best to make it a perfect meeting and to set a new standard for the Ecocity Conference, if there were faults or short-comings, we hope you could forgive us.
Although time period for the Ecocity Conference and your interaction with other participants might have been rather short, we hope all of your stay and experience in Shenzhen would have been a pleasant and memorable one!
We sincerely hope that this Ecocity Conference would have served as a foundation of a stepping stone for further development of international cooperation among the ecologists and for their contribution to the sustainable ecocity planning and management, especially the development of ecoscape, eco-industry and eco-culture.
While we would like to welcome all of your suggestions and comments for better hosting of the conference in the future, and a continuing participation in the follow-up internet Ecocity conference on Feb.-June, 2003, we look forward to meet all of you again during the Sixth International Ecocity Conference, which is suggested to be held in the City of Freiburg, Germany in future.
Again, thank you very much for all of your participation in and contribution to the conference!
Sincerely yours,
Rusong WANG
Chair, Organizing Committee of the Fifth International Ecocity Conference
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生态城市建设的深圳宣言
（本宣言于2002年8月23日在第五届国际生态城市大会上讨论通过，中国深圳）
世纪之初，我们所生活的城市必须实现人与自然的和谐共处。生态城市是指生态健康的城市。
第五届国际生态城市大会在中国深圳举行期间，与会代表一致呼吁把生态整合方法和原则应用于城市规划和管理。建设以适宜于人类生活的生态城市首先必须运用生态学原理，全面系统地理解城市环境、经济、政治、社会和文化间复杂的相互作用关系运用生态工程技术设计城市、乡镇和村庄，以促进居民身心健康、提高生活质量、保护其赖以生存的生态系统。这就迫切需要开展翔实的城市生态规划和管理，促使有关受益者集团参加规划和管理过程。生态城市旨在采用整体论的系统方法，促进综合性的行政管理，建设一类高效的生态产业、人们的需求和愿望得到满足、和谐的生态文化和功能整合的生态景观，实现自然、农业和人居环境的有机结合。
建设生态城市包含以下五个层面：
生态安全：向所有居民提供洁净的空气、安全可靠的水、食物、住房和就业机会，以及市政服务设施和减灾防灾措施的保障。
生态卫生：通过高效率低成本的生态工程手段，对粪便、污水和垃圾进行处理和再生利用。
生态产业代谢：促进产业的生态转型，强化资源的再利用、产品的生命周期设计、可更新能源的开发、生态高效的运输，在保护资源和环境的同时，满足居民的生活需求。
生态景观的整合：通过对人工环境、开放空间（如公园、广场）、街道桥梁等连接点和自然要素（水路和城市轮廓线）的整合，在节约能源、资源，减少交通事故和空气污染的前提下，为所有居民提供便利的城市交通。同时，防止水环境恶化，减少热岛效应和对全球环境恶化的影响。
生态意识培养：帮助人们认识其在与自然关系中所处的位置和应负的环境责任，尊重地方文化，诱导人们的消费行为，改变传统的消费方式，增强自我调节的能力，以维持城市生态系统的高质量运行。
为推动城市生态建设必须采取以下行动：
1． 通过合理的生态手段，为城市人口，特别是贫困人口提供安全的人居环境、安全的水源和有保障的土地使用权，以改善居民生活质量和保障人体健康。
2. 城市规划应以人而不是以车为本。扭转城市土地"摊大饼"式蔓延的趋势。通过区域城乡生态规划等各种有效措施使耕地流失最小化。
3. 确定生态敏感地区和区域生命支持系统的承载能力，并明确应开展生态恢复的自然和农业地区。
4. 在城市设计中大力倡导节能、使用可更新能源、提高资源利用效率、以及物质的循环再生。
5. 将城市建成以安全步行和非机动交通为主的，并具有高效，便捷和低成本的公共交通体系的生态城市。中止对汽车的补贴，增加对汽车燃料使用和私人汽车的税收，并将其收入用于生态城市建设项目和公共交通。
6． 为企业的生态城市建设项目提供强有力的经济激励手段。向排放温室气体的行为和违背生态城市建设原则的活动征税；制定和强化有关优惠政策，以鼓励对生态城市建设的投资。
7． 为优化环境和生态恢复制定切实可行的教育和再培训计划，加强生态城市的能力建设，开发生态适用型的地方性技术，鼓励社区群众积极参与生态城市设计、管理和生态恢复工作，增强生态意识。扶持社区生态城市建设的示范项目。
8． 在国家、省、市各级政府中设置生态城市建设和管理的专门机构，制定和实施生态城市建设的相关政策。该机构负责政府各部门间（如交通、能源、水和土地管理部门等）管理职能的协调和监控，推动相关项目和计划的实施。
9． 倡导和推进国际间、城市间和社区间的合作，加强生态城市建设领域正反两方面经验的交流以及资源的相互支持，和促进在发展中国家以及发达国家开展生态城市建设实践。
* 备注：深圳市2000年曾获"国际花园城市"荣誉称号，2002年被联合国环境署授予"全球500佳"的荣誉称号。
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